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E. W. SIEMENS. MEANS FOR CONVEYING PERSONS, &c., BY ELECTED MOTIVE FORGE; N0. 321,934. Patented July '7, 1885.

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MEANS FOR GONVBYING PERSONS, 650., BY E'LEGTRO MOTIVE FORGE. No. 321,984.

Patented July 7,.1885.

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E. W. SIEMENS. V MEANS FOR CONVEYING PERSONS, &c., BY ELECTRO MOTIVE FORCE.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet E. W. SIEMENS.

MEANS FOR CONVEYING PERSONS, &c., BY ELEGTRO MOTIVE FORGE. No. 321,934. Patented July-7,1885.

(No Model.) I I 5Sheets-Sheet 5.

E. WVSIEMENS.

' MEANS FOR CONVEYING PERSONS, &c., BY ELECTED MOTIVE FORGE. No; 321,934. Patented July '7, 1885.

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NITED STATES ERNST WERNER SIEMENS PATENT Erica.

,OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

MEANS FOR CONVEYING PERSONS &c., BY ELECTRO-MOTIVE FORCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,931, dated July '7, 1885.

Application filed June 23, 1882.

(No model.) Patented in England February 10, 1880,'No. 583; in France February 16, 1850,11.

134,765; inBelgium February 16, 1880, No. 50,357; in Austria April 24,1880, No. 4,247, and June 1, 1881, No. 0,325; in Germany January 31, 1881, No. 14,786, June 25, 1881, No. 15,090, and July 14, 1881, No. 15,057 in Hungary July 11, 1881, No. 19,800, and October 22, 1881, No. 1,133, and in Italy October 2-2, 1881, No. 13,302.

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST WERNER SIE- MENS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Berlin, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means and Apparatus for Oonveying Persons or Objects from one Locality to another by Electro-Motive Power; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to the improved means and apparatus for conveying persons and ob- I jects in vehicles along a line of rails by electro-motive power. According to my present invention, I arrange in combination with a line of rails one or more stationary dynamoclectric machines, whose armatures are driven by any suitable motor, the conductors to and from which stationary machine for conveying the electric current produced along the line are formed partly or wholly by the rails themselves, while the currents are caused to pass continuously from such conductors to one or more CIYIJiLYllOQlGGiLllG machines upon carriages or vehicles running on the line of rails, so that the armature of such dynamo-electric machine in being made to revolve by the action of the current imparts motion to the wheels of the vehicle so as to propel it along the line. The continuous electrical connection between the conductors and the dynamoelectric machine on the vehicle is maintained as this travels along either wholly by the wheels thereof or partly by the wheels and partly by rollers,-springs, or brushes.

A variety of arrangements may be employed for carrying my invention into effect, and I will proceed to describe some of those which I employ by preference, for which purpose I will refer to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a sectional side view, and Fig. 2 a transverse section, of aline of rails, A A, raised on standards B B, which rails, together with their longitudinal bearers (J 0, each form an insulated conductor to and from the stationary dynamo-electric machine at D,

as indicated by the diagram plan Fig. 3, the

one rail and bearersay A G-serving to convey the current from the machineD along the line to the dynamo-electric machine on the carriage,while the other-say A Cserves to close the circuit either by direct connection with the dynamo-electric machine D or by connection with earth.

For the above purpose the rail and bearer A0 are insulated from A G and from the supporting-standards B by means of transverse bearers E, of wood, toughened glass, or

other suitable insulating material, the stays F for bracing the bearers G 0 being also of wood. If the current from the rail andbearer A G is to be put to earth, as above stated, they are electrically connected in any suitable manner with the iron standardsB,that are carried on a suitable foundation in the ground. The carriage G has its wheels H H on one side, insulated from those II II on the other side and from the carriage, for which purpose I by preference mount each wheel on a separate axle, as shown at Fig. 2, the bear ings of which are insulated in any suitable manner. The axles of the wheels Hare electrically connected with the one pole of the dynamo'electric machine I, fixed under the floor of the carriage, while the axles of the wheels H are electrically connected with the other pole of the machine. The axis of the revolving armature of the machine has a pulley, K, at each end, over which and over pulleys L, fixedor formed on the sides of the wheels H H, pass belts or cords M, by means of which the rotary motion of the armature is imparted to the wheels so as to propel the carriage.

The dynamo-electric machines employed for the purposes of my invention may be of any suitable known construction; but by preference I employ the construction for which British Letters Patent No. 261 of 1867, No. 2,006 of 1873, and No. 3,131 of 1878 have been granted.

In constructing electric railways according to my invention, particularly when passing through towns, I prefer to arrange the line in tion-power for ordinary railways at inclines,

a raised height as not to interfere with the traffic. In this case, in order to prevent accident by the carriages falling off the line should an axle break, or from any other cause, I provide on the under side ofthe carriage strong claws N, as indicated at Fig. 4, which pass under the flange of the longitudinal girders O C.

Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section, and Fig. 6 a transverse section, of an arrangement in which the one continuous conductor from the stationary dyna1n0 electric machine is formed by a stretched wire rope or red, 0, carried in forks or standards P, which are either themselves of insulating material or are insulated from the ground. Both rails A A in this case may form the conductor for the return-current, and may either be insultted from the ground, or they may conduct the current directly to earth. The current is conveyed from therope Oto the one pole ofthe dynamo-electric machine of the carriage by means of grooved rollers Q Q, of which those Q have the rope resting upon them and raise this up out of the forks of the supports P as they pass along, while those Q press the rope down into its supports again. The other pole of the dynamo-electric machine is electrically connected with the wheels of the carriage.

The rope conductor 0 may either be arranged between the rails, as shown, or on one side thereof, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 6. The conductor for the return-can rent might also be formed by a similar rope with contact-rollers instead of by the rails and carriagewheels.

Instead ofa wire rope might be used a rigid conductor fixed on insulating-standards, such conductor being by preference composed of an iron or steel beam, on which is fixed a copper rail, in order to combine lightness with good conducting power. On this rail is placed a small contact-truck composed of a set of wheels running in spring-bearings, so as to insure perfect contact with the rail, a weight being suspended from below to press the wheels down and to insure equilibrium. This contact-truck is electrically connected by a wire to the pole of dynamo-electric machine on the vehicle by an insulated conductingcord, by which the vehicle also hauls the truck along on the conductor.

In both the before-described arrangements a sliding spring or brush contact may be substituted for the toilet-contact, though I prefer the latter.

Vehicles provided with d ynamo-electric machines operating according to my above-described invention may either serve only as locomotiveengines for hauling along other carriages, or they may themselves constitute passenger-carriagcs, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

The before-described system of electric rail ways may also be employed as auxiliarytracposition upon standards at such a i V the one compound axle U, so that the arrangement indicated at Figs. 5 and 6 being assumed to be so applied, the rails being the ordinary ones of the railways and the vehicle an ordinary railway-van.

Figs 7 and 8 show a vertical section and plan of an arrangement of the electric railway for conveying letters or small parcels for postal and other purposes. In this arrange ment the rails A A are insulated from each other by the wood or glass transverse bearers E, by preference raised somewhat from the ground-line by standards 13, as in the llrstdcscribed arrangement. The line, is entirely inclosed by an iron or steel casing, R, with removable top R, secured by screws,whieh easing forms a tubular bearer for the railway, and which is electrically connected in any suitable manner to the one rail A, so as to form with this the one conductor, and thus afford large condnoting-surface for the current, the other rail, A, being either connected to the other pole of the stationary dynamo-electric machine or through the standards 13 with earth. The carriage in this case consists of a framing, S, the wheels T T of which are carried by axles U, made in two parts, securely fixed together but insulated from each other and from the framing, so that the wheels on the one side of the carriage are insulated from those on the other side, as in the first-described arrangement. The framing S carries, first, the box or receptacle V, containing the letters or parcels to be conveyed, and, secondly, the dynamo-electric machine \V, whose revolving armature is in this case fixed directly upon every revolution of the armature produces one revolution of the wheels, of which those on one side are in electrical connection with the one pole of the dynamo-electric machine, while those on the other side are connected with the other pole. The standards B are by preference arranged at such a general height as to insure a practically level line of rails, irrespective of irregularities of the ground along which it passes. At crossings a gradual rise of the railway may be formed to the required height for affording headway beneath, with a corre sponding fail on the other side.

The subject-matter described in this specification is identical with that described in an other application filed by me on the 1st day of May, 1880. I desire, therefore, to say that I do not herein claim anything described in the said application except the features specified in the following claim.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim The combination, substantially as herein set forth, of a railway-car for the transportation of passengers or freight, an electro-dynamie motor having a revolving armature suspended beneath the floor of the car, a yielding mechanical connection between the revolving armatune and the drivingwheels of the vehicle, a to this specification, in the presence oftwo subcircuit of conductors in electrical connection scribing Witnesses, this 25th day of February,

withastationary dynamo-electricmachine,and A. D. 1882.

conductors arranged entirely beneath the floor ERNST WERNER SIEMENS. 5 of the car connecting the poles of the motor Witnesses:

with the said circuit of conductors. B. ROI,

In testimony whereof I have signed my name T. C. ZIMMERMAN. 

